Manual Testing

This page will help you to gain some knowledge about Manual Testing Concepts 

• What is a client and a server?

 Client:-

A client is a machine or software application that sends requests and consumes services provided by the server.

Server:-

 A server is a powerful computer or software that provides services, and data to clients.

In simple words a server is a machine or a software application that waits for incoming requests, and a client is a machine or software application sending requests to a server in order to take action.

For Example:-

When you visit a website using a web browser from your device( the browser act as the client).

 And it sends a request to the server (where the website is hosted, and it acts as a server) asking for webpage content. The server processes the request and sends back the webpage data to the client browser for display.

• What is cloud-based software?

Cloud-Based Software:-

Instead of installing the software directly on individual computers users can access and use the software through a web browser.

Pictorial representation of a cloud-based software

For Example:- 

When a user login to Facebook using a username and password using a browser. Then the browser will make a request to the server, where Facebook is hosted, and again the request goes to the database to check if the username and password will match. If it matches, you can successfully log in and the server will respond and allow you to access the Facebook homepage and it will be displayed in your browser.

• What are the different environments in a software development team?

There are mainly three different environments in the software development team 

• Development Environment

This is the first stage and here the developers will develop the software as per the system requirement specifications and deploy it to the next environment (Testing ).

• Test Environment

This is the second stage and here the testers will validate the software as per the system requirement specifications from a user perspective. If they will detect a defect during testing, the tester will report it to the development team to fix it. After defect fixing development team re-deploy again for retesting. 

If it is tested without any further defects the software will be deployed to the next environment (production)

• Production Environment

This is the third stage and here the users will check the software whether it is working properly or not as per their requirements

• Why do production servers and test servers have to be similar?

A test environment allows software developers to check how a code/program will behave in a live environment. 

The testing environment should closely resemble the production environment since it is one of the last safe places to find and fix environment-related bugs before moving into production.

• What is a use case?

The use cases are used to describe all the possible steps a user may perform to interact with the system.

It is from the user's perspective and also from the system requirement specification( SRS).

It provides a clear picture of functional requirements and lays a solid foundation for the testing team to rely on.

Pictorial representation of  use cases for a website login page